Ergonomic and design-related risks are a significant concern for drivers, with long-term consequences for health, safety and job sustainability. Women face particular risk because standard cabin ergonomics and safety equipment are designed for the average male physique. The ILO Guidelines highlight that poorly designed vehicles, equipment and work environments contribute to musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue and reduced alertness.
Drivers spend extended periods in static seated positions, exposed to vibration and noise, all of which can lead to injury and chronic pain. Poor vehicle design with inadequate lumbar support, poorly positioned controls, telematics or in-cab screens and limited cabin space – increases strain on the body and generate distraction, particularly on long journeys. Loading and unloading heavy goods without appropriate equipment increases injury risk. In many cases, workplaces such as warehouses, depots and rest areas are not designed with drivers’ needs in mind, lacking safe access, adequate facilities or appropriate infrastructure.
These risks are often compounded by work organisation and time pressures, which may limit opportunities for rest, stretching or recovery. The ILO Guidelines emphasise that addressing ergonomic risks requires a preventative approach, including improved vehicle design, appropriate equipment, and working conditions that support drivers’ health and reduce cumulative physical strain over time.
For more on ergonomic and design-related risks, see the Risks Across Transport guidance.