Maritime shipping is inherently global and mobile. Seafarers travel from their home
countries to ports of departure overseas, then embark on voyages along global trade
routes across multiple jurisdictions, climates and time zones. The systemic gaps in the protection of seafarers’ human and labour
Attracting, recruiting and retaining adequate workforce levels across some transport sectors has become a persistent challenge. The shortages that follow are driven by a lack of decent work and declining employment conditions, deregulation, weak enforcement, unfair competition and sustained downward
Across transport supply chains, risks relating to remuneration, pay and access to social protection are systemic – closely linked to subcontracting, non-standard forms of employment and commercial pressures. Many remuneration structures, including piece-rate or productivity-based pay do not account
