In road transport, including long-distance freight and passenger transport, risks arise from extended periods away from home, dependence on a single employer or platform, debt tied to licences or equipment. Debt bondage and non-payment of wages can leave drivers without the financial means to leave
Wages, working conditions and living conditions are central to ensuring decent work and safe operations in road transport. The 2019 ILO Guidelines on the promotion of decent work and road safety highlight that these factors are closely interconnected and directly influence both worker wellbeing and
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ITF Agreements result from the only known example of international collective bargaining. The ITF has been part of the International Bargaining Forum (IBF) since its creation in 2003 as a collective bargaining process between maritime employers and maritime unions on seafarers’ wages and conditions
Human rights due diligence in transport supply chains is a continuous process.
Seafarers often fear ‘blacklisting’ by shipping companies if they refuse an employer request to extend their contract. Repeated extension of contracts in the context of power imbalances, restrictions on freedom of movement and impaired freedom to consent can be a direct indication of forced labour
Recruitment and retention challenges in maritime shipping pose significant risks to both seafarers and global supply chains. The industry is facing a growing shortage of qualified personnel, particularly officers.
These shortages are in reality shortages of decent work, driven by structural issues
Access to shore leave is a fundamental right under the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) and is essential for safeguarding seafarers’ health, wellbeing and dignity. However, in practice, seafarers frequently face restrictions on shore leave due to commercial pressures, port security requirements
