Maritime transport is defined by structural factors that create significant human and labour rights risks. The widespread use of Flags of Convenience (FOC) – where ships are registered in countries other than their true ownership to reduce costs and regulatory oversight – which sits alongside and
The risk
Climate change presents a growing occupational safety and health risk for transport workers and is already reshaping working conditions across the sector. Rising temperatures, extreme cold, storms, flooding and other severe weather events increasingly expose workers to hazardous conditions
The risk
Mental health and psychosocial risks are a significant and growing risk across transport, often driven by other risks outlined in this guidance. Job insecurity, excessive and irregular working hours, work intensification, surveillance, isolation and the pressure associated with safety
The risk
Transport work often involves repetitive movements, manual handling, static postures and prolonged periods operating vehicles, machinery or equipment – all presenting risks to worker health. When procurement and operational decisions prioritise cost efficiency, speed or productivity
The risk
Exposure to hazardous substances and biological risks is an occupational safety and health risk facing transport workers, and, as a result, the resilience of transport supply chains.
Workers operate in environments – including ports, terminals, warehouses, vessels, airports and aircraft –
The risk
Fatigue is a systemic and safety-critical risk facing transport workers and transport supply chains. It is one of the leading contributors to accidents that result in injury and death to workers, harm to passengers and the public, and damage to vehicles, cargo and critical infrastructure
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Isolation and lone working are defining feature of many transport occupations, presenting significant physical and psychological risks for transport workers. Transport workers frequently perform their duties alone, or in remote or mobile environments, where access to immediate assistance or help
Serious safety and health risks faced by transport workers are intensified by fragmented contracting arrangements, outsourcing, subcontracting and forms of dependent self-employment. Where multiple layers of contractors and intermediaries operate in a supply chain, accountability for working
