Isolation and lone working are inherent in road transport and present significant safety, health and human rights risks for drivers. Truck drivers typically work alone for long periods, often in remote or unfamiliar environments, with limited access to immediate assistance in the event of accidents, illness or violence. The 2019 ILO Guidelines emphasise that such conditions increase exposure to occupational hazards and reduce opportunities for supervision, communication and support.
Isolation can prevent drivers from reporting unsafe conditions or seeking help, particularly where communication systems are inadequate or where drivers fear retaliation from employers. This is especially acute in cross-border operations, where drivers may not know how to access local support services or authorities.
Lone working also increases vulnerability to violence, theft and harassment, particularly when drivers are forced to rest in insecure locations due to a lack of safe parking infrastructure. Women drivers may face heightened risks of gender-based violence and harassment in these contexts.
In addition to physical risks, isolation contributes to psychosocial harm, including stress, fatigue and mental health challenges. The ILO Guidelines highlight that these risks are compounded by long working hours and economic pressures, creating cumulative impacts on driver wellbeing and safety.
Addressing isolation requires recognising it as a structural risk embedded in how road transport work is organised.